剑桥商务英语中级分类模拟 43 R E AD I N G
●Read the article below about the management of original thinkers and the questions on the opposite page. ●For each question, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
S h ee r
Genius — or a Waste of T i m e ?
Encourage your original thinkers and live with their strange habits, says Alan Worthin If one of your research staff announced that he had worked out a way to propel a vehicle on a cushion of air, would you tell him to concentrate on something practical, or suggest taking it further? If a member of your development team asked if she could come in late because she had her best ideas at 3 am, would you insist that she is in the office at 9 am like everyone else? Current business wisdom is that companies need creative, innovative people to beat competitors. The reality is that companies have always needed new ideas to survive and progress, but in the past they weren"t particularly good at encouraging the people who produced them. Original thinkers don"t always fit easily into the framework of an organization. However, the advice from managing director, John Serrano is, "Get rid of the dull people and encourage the unusual ones". Essentially, he believes that companies need to learn how to manage their original thinkers in order to ensure that the business profits from their contribution. He also says, "Original thinkers often find it difficult to drive change within the organization, so they resign, feeling angry and disappointed. It is essential to avoid this." "You can"t recognize original thinkers by the way they look," says lan Freeman. "An apparently ordinary exterior can conceal a very creative thinker." His consultancy, IBT Personnel, has devised a structured way to identify original thinkers. "We define employees as champions, free-wheelers, bystanders and weak links, and most original thinkers come into the category of free-wheelers. They may miss deadlines if they become involved in something more interesting. They are passionate and highly motivated but have little or no understanding of business directions and systems." Headhunter George Solomon also thinks original thinkers have their disadvantages. "They may have a bad influence within an organization, especially given the current management trend for working in teams. The original thinkers themselves may be unaware of any problem, but having them around can be disruptive to colleagues, who have to be allowed to point out when they are being, driven crazy by the original thinkers" behaviour." Yet, in his opinion, the dream team" in any creative organization consists of a balanced mixture of original thinkers and more practical, realistic people. So, having identified your original thinkers, how do you handle them? One well-known computer game company has a very inventive approach. "We encourage our game designers by creating an informal working environment," says director Lorna Marsh. "A company cannot punish risk-takers if it wants to encourage creativity. Management has to provide support, coaching and advice — and take the risk that new ideas may not work. Our people have flexible working hours and often make no clear distinction between their jobs and their home lives." Original thinkers may fit into the culture of 21st century organizations, but more traditional organizations may have to change their approach. Business psychologist Jean Row believes that the first step is to check that original thinkers are worth the effort. "Are the benefits they bring worth the confusion they cause? If so, give them what they want, allow plenty of space, but set clear limits. Give them extremely demanding targets. If they fail to meet them, then the game is up. But if they succeed, your organization stands only to gain." 1.
It is important for a company to encourage original thinkers because
.
A.this allows it to promote innovative products. B.this enables it to stay ahead of its rivals. C.they are very flexible about their working hours. D.their talents are ideally suited to the market.
B [解析] 公司鼓励具有创新性思维的人的原因：
定位段落第二段，定位句为“Current business wisdom is that companies need creative, innovative people to beat competitors.”即：当前的商业智慧是公司需要具有创新想法和革新式思维的人才来打 败竞争对手。
原文定位句中 creative，innovative people对应题干中的 original thinkers：原文定位句中 beat competitors对应选项 B 中的 stay ahead of its rivals。
2.
John Serrano thinks that original thinkers should be
.
A.helped to develop better people management skills B.asked to manage change within the organization C.supported so they can perform well for the company D.encouraged to follow company procedures
C [解析] John Serrano 对于具有创新性思维的人的观点：
定位段落第三段，定位句为“he believes that companies need to learn how to manage their or iginal
thinkers in order to ensure that the business profits from their contribution.”即：他(John Serrano)认为公 司需要懂得如何管理那些具有创新性思维的人才，从而确保公司可以从他们的贡献中获利。
原文定位句中 ensure that the business profits from their contribution与选项 C 中 perform well for the
company 所表述的信息大致相同。
3.
What does lan Freeman say about original thinkers?
A.They are unenthusiastic and poorly motivated. B.Their work standards are impossibly high. C.Their abilities are hard to recognize. D.They lack awareness of commercial processes.
D [解析] 关于创新性思维的人 lan Freeman表达的观点是：
定位段落第四段，定位句为“They are passionate and highly motivated but have little or no understanding of business directions and systems.”即：他们(具有创新性思维的人)充满激情，有很强 的上进心，但是对于商业管理和公司的运营体系没有概念。
原文定位句中 have little or no understanding of 对应选项 D中 lack awareness of；原文定位句中 business directions and systems 与选项 D中 commercial processes 的意思基本一致。
4.
What problems can be observed when there are original thinkers in the workforce?
A.They may have a negative effect on other workers. B.They dislike the concept of teamwork. C.They rush tasks through to completion. D.They cannot work with less creative colleagues.
A [解析] 具有创新性思维的人在工作场所中会带来哪些问题：
定位段落第五段，定位句为“Headhunter George Solomon also thinks original thinkers have thei r disadvantages. "They may have a bad influence within an organization, especially given the current management trend for working in teams. The original thinkers themselves may be unaware of any problem, but having them around can be disruptive to colleagues, who have to be allowed to point out when they are being driven crazy by the original thinkers" behaviour.”即：猎头 George Solomon认为具 有创新性思维的人自身也有缺点，尤其是在团队工作中他们可能会对公司造成不利的影响。具有
创新性思维的人意识不到自身的问题，然而，周围的同事却因他们的存在而受到干扰，他们不得 不指出那些具有创新性思维的人的行为让他们感到抓狂。
原文定位句中 original thinkers have their disadvantages 对应题干中 problems can be observed w he n there are original thinkers in the workforce；原文定位句中 having them around can be disruptive to colleagues与选项 A中 They may have a negative effect on other workers 表达意思相近。
5.
In what way is the game company"s approach to original thinkers special?
A.It allows them to work from home whenever they wish. B.It uses different forms of disciplinary action for them. C.It promotes a relaxed atmosphere in the workplace. D.It encourages them to reduce the risks that they take.
C [解析] 电脑游戏公司对待具有创新性思维的人的特殊方式：
定位段落第六段，定位句为“One well-known computer game company has a very inventive approach. "We encourage our game designers by creating an informal working environment," says director Lorna Marsh.”即：一家知名的电脑游戏公司提出了一个创新的方法，我们通过建立一个随意的工 作环境来鼓励我们的游戏设计者们可以设计出更好的游戏软件。
原文定位句中 One well-known computer game company has a very inventive approach 对应题干中In what way is the game company"s approach to original thinkers special；原文定位句中 creating an informal working environment与选项 C 中 a relaxed atmosphere in the workplace的表述大体相同。
6.
A traditional organization wishing to employ original thinkers needs to
.
A.provide them with projects they are interested in B.assess whether their contribution makes up for any problems C.have a flexible approach if goals are not always achieve d D.b e
prepared to handle any negative feedback from colleagues
B [解析] 传统企业在雇佣创新性人才之时需要考虑到的是：
定位段落第七段，定位句为“but more traditional organizations may have to change their a ppr oac h. Business psychologist Jean Row believes that the first step is to check that original thinkers are worth the effort.”即：更多的传统企业需要改变他们的方法，商业心理学家 Jean Row 认为改变的第一步就是 要确认那些具有创新性思维的人是否真的值得雇佣。
原文定位句中 traditional organizations may have to change their approach对应题干中 a traditional organisation wishing to employ original thinkers needs to；原文定位句中 check对应选项 B 中 assess； 原文定位句中 worth the effort 与选项 B 中 makes up for any problems 意思表达相近。
Getting the Most out of M ee t i n gs
One aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings. Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings. Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organized executives. Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line a nd personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it needs to learn to understand and trust one another.
Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting. People should only be invited to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance. An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limit allocated. This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too much. At the end of a well organized meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions. Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organized meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved. Much thought has been given over the years to ways of keeping meetings short. One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meetings is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. "I try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour," he says. "They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a statement, and are based on careful preparation. I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance; those amending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions. Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings. In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don"t achieve anything can be very costly. Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time." 7.
What do most managers think about meetings?
A.Meetings take up most of their working life. B.Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making. C.Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine. D.Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives.
D [解析] 大多数经理对于会议的看法：
定位段落第一段，定位句为“most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative t o meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions.”即：大多数经理都认 为会议作为一种搜集信息和做一系列决定的途径很难被替代。
原文定位句中 most managers would agree that对应题干中 most managers think a b out ；原文定位句 中 hard to think of an alternative to meetings 对应选项 D中 Meetings are the only way；原文定位句中 considering information and making collective decisions 是选项 D中 achieving certain objectives具体要 实现的目标。
8.
According to the writer, an example of a valuable meeting is one which
.
A.allows colleagues to achieve a better working relationship B.requires managers to discuss staffing needs with personnel C.selects a suitable group of people to work together as a team D.encourages staff to present ideas on improvements in management
A [解析] 什么样的会议是有价值的会议：
定位段落第二段，定位句为“Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a
matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it needs to learn to understand and trust one another.”即：最有效的会议是要发生在必要的 时刻而不是当作一个例行公事。以下两种会议均可看作是有价值的会议：第一种是员工、他们的 上司和人事经理之间讨论员工的个人或职业发展问题；另一种是在一个项目实施的初期，使团队
中的每个人都相互理解、相互信任 原文定位句中 meetings work best 对应题干中 a valuable meeting；原文定位句中 learn to understand and trust one another 与选项 A中 colleagues to achieve a better working relationship表达的意思近似。
9.
According to the writer, the agenda is important because it
.
A.is seen by everybody before the meeting B.helps to give direction to the discussions C.contains items of interest to all those present D.shows who should speak at each stage of the meeting
B [解析] 会议日程尤为重要的原因：
定位段落第三段，定位句为“An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limit allocated.”即：制定会议日程非常重要，因为它作为一种导向可以 在限定时间内使讨论内容更加集中。
原文定位句中 an agenda is vital because 对应题干中 the agenda is important because；原文定位句中 it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused与应选项 B 中 helps to give direction to the discussions 表 述一致。
10.
The writer says that people leaving a well organized meeting will understand
.
A.the reason for their invitation to attend B.how the decisions taken were relevant to them C.the importance of proposals under discussion D.why certain courses of action were agreed upon
D [解析] 人们开完一个组织较好的会议会得到哪些信息：
定位段落第四段，定位句为“At the end of a well organised meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions.”即：在一场组织较好的会议结束后，人们会感觉非常高兴来 参加这场成功的会议。他们不仅会知道通过了哪些决定，而且还会知道为什么做这些决定。
原文定位句中 at the end of a well organised meeting对应题干中 leaving a well organised meeting；原 文定位句中 the reasons for these decisions 与选项 D中 why certain courses of action were agreed upon 的 意思相近。
11.
What does Roland Winterson say about the meetings that he organizes?
A.He aims to hold them on a regular basis. B.He ensures they have a definite purpose. C.He requires his managers to draw up the agenda. D.He uses them to make decisions about strategy.
B [解析] Roland Winterson 对于他自己组织的会议的看法：
定位段落第五段，定位句为“Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing com p a ny. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. "I try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour," he says. "They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective.”即：Roland Winterson 是一家制造业公司的首席执 行官，他认为会议需要简短、有针对性、不经常开。“我试着让会议控制在一周 2～3次，每次会 议最多三人参加，最长半个小时；参会人员要有明确的会议实现目标。
原文定位句中 they are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective 对应选项 B中 He ensures the y
have a definite purpose
12.
What is Roland Winterson"s opinion about meetings?
A.They can be a bad use of a manager"s time. B.Their importance is often underestimated. C.They frequently result in wrong decisions. D.Their effectiveness could be improved with better planning.
A [解析] Roland Winterson 对于会议的观点：
定位段落第五段，定位句为“In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don"t achieve anything can be very costly."”即：在企业中，时间就 是金钱，把时间浪费在无休止的 会议中不能实现任何目标，还会消耗人们的精力。
原文定位句中 spending it in needless meetings that don"t achieve anything can be very c os tl y与选项A 中 they can be a bad use of a manager"s time表述大体一致。
Morning,
Noon and N i gh t
The long-hours culture at work
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have a kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago, averagely do not wish to identify themselves. "I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don"t like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager. "People looked at me when I left at 5 o"clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I"m doing extra hours at home." But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn"t guarantee better wor ki ng hours. Professor Cary Cooper, occupational psychologist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect for their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hour culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill." There are, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty. "There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home ea r l y. Pr i or itizi ng work and doing essential tasks first helps," he says. He also thinks it"s time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work. Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff needs to talk t o managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recognizes, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want interests outside work, then find another job". She believes that senior staff has a duty to set an example. "I recently worked for a firm of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 am. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She b elieve s the r e
is no shame in working sensible hours — in fact quite the reverse. "Some people might be in at 7:30 but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from 9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it
difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computer switched on, even after you have left the building. 13.
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A.They are reluctant to admit to this. B.They are disliked by their colleagues. C.They are limited to certain professions. D.They often catch up on work in the evenings.
A [解析] 第一段中作者对于一天只工作 8 小时的人描述：
定位段落第一段，定位句为“Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what w a s, 20 years ago, averagely do not wish to identify themselves.”即：这些职场人士可以把工作时间限制在 20 年前的 8 小时工作时间之内，但是大多数员工都不愿意承认自己属于这类人。
原文定位句中 limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago这里暗指 20年前是每天 8小时工作时间，对 应题干中 people who work an eight-hour day；原文定位句中 the average do not wish to identify themselves对应 A选项中 They are reluctant to admit to this，这里的 this 指代每天工作 8小时。
14.
What does Mark say about his work?
A.His main concern is job security. B.Too much of his time at work is wasted. C.The terms of his contract are misleading. D.He objects to being given other people"s work.
C [解析] Mark 对于自己工作的描述是：
定位段落第二段，定位句为 He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours a s necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part-time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laug!”即：合同上规定 我的工作时间是每天早上 9点开始，下午 5点结束，必要时需要加班。听起来加班是很少发生的， 但实际情况是，我的工作量是我根本在 8小时内完成不了的，如果再有一个兼职人员帮助我也很 可能不够。对于一天工作 8小时这件事情让我感觉到可笑。
原文定位句中 contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary对应选项 C 中 the te r m s of his contract；原文定位句中 It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part-time这里说明现实情况与合同中内容不符，也 就是说合同中的内容是具有误导性的，对应选项 C 中 misleading。
15.
What does Cary Cooper say about recent trends in the workplace?
A.He believes that a long working day is counter-productive. B.He has doubts about the results of the Quality of Working Life survey. C.He says that employers should accept the link between working hours and safety. D.He argues that further research is needed into the relationship between work and health.
A [解析] 关于最近在工作场所中进行的调查 Cary Cooper 表达的观点：
定位段落第三段，定位句为“The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect for their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hour culture.”即：在英国，最近的大多数调查 显示 77%的经理的工作时间都超出合同中规定的时间，这对于他们的健康、人际关系和生产力都 会产生负面影响。Cooper 教授对于企业中的加班文化持批评的态度。
原文定位句中 The most recent survey 对应题干中 recent trends；原文定位句中 having a
damagi ng
effect for productivity对应选项 A中 counter-productive
16.
How does Cary Cooper think people should deal with the requirements of the workplace?
A.Obtain help in negotiating terms of employment. B.Let people know when demands are unreasonable. C.Delegate the less important work to other staff. D.Accept that the modern workplace is a competitive place.
B [解析] Cary Cooper 认为人们应该如何处理工作场所中的要求：
定位段落第四段，定位句为“He also thinks it"s time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work.”即：他认为是时候来谴 责那些坏老板们和那些不合理的雇佣条款，总而言之，在必要时承担任务，但是，如果要求过分 时可以开诚布公地对经理说自己还有工作以外的生活。
原文定位句中 criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment, when expectations are too high 对应选项 B中 when demands are unreasonable。
17.
What does Mo Shapiro see as a problem for employees today?
A.They lack the communication skills that modern business requires. B.Many employers would not regard requests for shorter hours favourably. C.Most employers do not want to be responsible for the professional development of staff. D.They have difficulties adapting to the rapid changes occurring in working practices.
B [解析] 现今对于员工所面临的一个问题是：
定位段落第五段，定位句为“She recognizes, however, that in many organizations the response might
well be, "if you want interests outside work, then find another job".”即：然而 Mo Shapiro还发现大多数 的公司会有这样的回应，如果你对工作以外的事情更感兴趣的话，那么干脆去找另一份工作去 吧。
原文定位句中 many organizations对应选项 B 中 Many employers；原文定位句中 if you want interests outside work 的言外之意就是希望工作时间缩短一点，对应选项 B中 requests for shorter hours；原文 定位句中 then find another job 言外之意就是拒绝员工缩短工作时长的请求，对应选项 B 中 not regard...favourably。
18.
What does Mo Shapiro think about present working hours?
A.In many Companies senior staff need to work a long day. B.The best staff are efficient enough to finish their work within eight hours. C.There are too many staff deceiving employers about their hours of work. D.Top executives should use their influence to change the long-hour culture.
D [解析] Mo Shapiro对于现行职场工作时间的建议是：
定位段落第六段，定位句为“She believes that senior staff has a duty to set an example.”即：Mo Shapiro 认为高级经理人有义务做个表率。
原文定位句中 senior staff 对应选项 B中 Top executives；原文定位句中 has a duty to set an example对 应选项 B 中 use their influence to change the long-hour culture。
●Read the extract below about a bank"s human resources policy.
●Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page. ●For each question, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
Human
R e s ou r ce s P olic y
CBA Bank was the largest financial institution to sign the employers" "People Come First" code of practice in the early 1990s. In doing so, it committed itself to the highest standards in human resources practices such as the communication of company
1
to employees, the setting of individual training and personal
2
plans, and the holding of regular performance
3
for all staff. Like other organizations, CBA is replacing the traditional hierarchy with a flatter organizational structure which gives employees more broadly defined
4
within the company. The change is offering em p loyee s gr eate r oppor tunitie s for work i n c ross- di s ci p lina ry pro ject
team s. As a
r e s ult , inte rp e rs onal
5
are extremely important. The policy seems to be working. There is a great deal of goodwill among employees, who
6
the fact that customer satisfaction is the organization"s chief aim. CBA claims to pursue this aim for its own
7
rather than as a means of earning profits for shareholders. An ability to relate to all kinds of people is the most important attribute CBA looks for it
8
recruits. Graduates are
9
for a two-year period and exposed to all
10
of retail financial services. By the e nd of thi s t r aini ng p e r i od, the y w ill
have
take n thei r Ins titute
of Banki ng examinati on a nd, i f the y have
11
their performance targets, they will have
12
a job at the bank. "On the whole, we are not looking for people straight out of college," says human resources manager Mary Kemp. "We would prefer that they had
13
some experience of life and had taken a year out between school and college to travel or do some kind of work." The company has recently introduced a new policy on pay, and it is now
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to performance through bonus schemes, with the objective being to
15
employees for their achievements and effort. 1.
A.designs B.purposes C.ends D.objectives
D [解析] 词汇辨析题。选项 A意为“设计”，根据句意可以排除；选项 B、C、D都含有“目标、目的” 的意思，但是也有不同点。purpose 通常指“做某事情的目的”，目的性强；end通常指“心目中怀着 某种目的”，强调结果，而非过程，较正式甠语；objective指“具体或很快能达到的目标”，也可指 企业、军事目标。
空栺所在句语义为：“CBA银行是 20 世纪 90 年代初期签署“以人为本”行业规则的最大金融机构。
为此，该银行致力于人力资源的最高标准，如：向员工传达公司的发展目标。”
2.
A.continuation B.extension C.development D.advancement
C [解析] 语义理解题。personal development 意为“个人发展计划”。而选项 A意为“继续”；选项 B 意为 “延伸”；选项 D意为“前进”；这三个选项均不能甠来修饰人，故只能选择选项 C。
空栺所在句语义为：“个人培训与个人发展计划的制定。”
3.
A.reviews
B.trials C.revisions D.judgements
A [解析] 惯甠搭配题。performance review意为“业绩评估”。trial 意为“尝试”，惯甠短语搭配为 on trial “在试甠中，试行，受审”；revision 意为“修正，修订”；judgement“审判，判断”。
空栺所在句语义为：“定期对员工进行业绩评估”。
4.
A.capacities B.parts C.roles D.elements
C [解析] 语义理解题。根据本句语义进行分析可确定答案为选项 C，即：broadly defined roles意为 “含义更广泛的角色”。capacity意为“容量，能力”；part 意为“部分，配件”；element 意为“元素，成 分”。
空栺所在句语义为：“像其他公司一样，CBA将传统的等级式的组织机构替换成了更为简单的扁 平式组织结构，这样可以给员工提供更广阔的角色进行发挥。
5.
A.abilities B.talents C.assets D.skills
D [解析] 词汇辨析题。选项 C意为“资产，财产”；选项 A、B、D意思相近，但侧重点不同，ability侧 重一般的能力，如工作能力；talent侧重才华、天分，如音乐方面的才华、天分；skill 侧重技巧技 术性的能力，如篮球技术，沟通技巧；interpersonal skills意为“交际能力”。
空栺所在句语义为：“人与人之间的交际能力是极其重要的。
6.
A.recommend B.honour C.respect D.obey
C [解析] 惯甠搭配题。选项 A意为“推荐，介绍”；选项 B意为“赋予……荣誉，尊敬”；选项 D意为“遵 守，服从”；选项 C意为“尊重”，respect fact 意为“尊重事实”，符合句意要求。
空栺所在句语义为：
“ 公司里的员工都尊重这样的一个事实，顾客的满意才是公司的主要目标。
7.
A.sake B.reason C.behalf D.cause
A [解析] 固定搭配题。选项 A中 sake 的固定搭配 for one"s own sake 意为“为了某事本身”选项 B 意为“理 由，原因”，通常后接介词 for；选项 C 意为“代表”，惯甠短语搭配为 on the behalf of“代表……”；选 项 D意为“起因，缘由”，通常后接介词 of。
空栺所在句语义为：
“CB A声称要为了这个目标本身而追求，而不是当作股东们赚取利润的一种 方式。”
8.
A.expected B.intended C.potential D.eventual
C [解析] 语义理解题。根据本段落所述内容可断定，选项 C为正确答案。选项 C 意为“潜在的，可能 的”，potential recruits意为“潜在招聘”；选项 A意为“期待的，预期的”；选项 B 意为“有意的，打算 中的”；选项 D意为“最终的，最后的”。
空栺所在句语义为：“具有能够和各色人等沟通交流的能力是 CBA公司考查潜在员工的最重要的 品质。”
9.
A.taken on B.written in C.put on D.drawn in
A [解析] 语义理解题。根据句意，选项 A为正确答案，take on意为“雇佣，承担”；选项 B 不是固定搭 配；选项 C 意为“穿上，上演”；选项 D中短语 draw in意为“诱使某人参加……”。
空栺所在句语义为：
“ 应届毕业生有两年的试甠期，能够接触到金融零售服务业的各个方面。
”
10.
A.fields B.areas C.regions D.parts
B [解析] 词汇辨析题。选项 A意为“领域”，侧重范围较大的领域，或区别于其他领域的；选项 B意为 “方面”，指某一领域内的具体一个部分的方面；选项 C 意为“区域”，侧重指某一地理范围内区 域；选项 D意为“部分，配件”。所以正确答案为选项 B，all areas of retail financial services 意为“金 融零售服务业的各个方面。” 空栺所在句语义为：
“ 应届毕业生有两年的试甠期，能够接触到金融零售服务业的各个方面。
”
11.
A.arrived B.done C.passed D.met
D [解析] 惯甠搭配题。通过选项代入法将四个选项分别代入原文之中，其中选项 D最符合句意要 求，meet target意为“实现目标”；选项 A为不及物动词，意为“到达，达成”；选项 B 意为“做”；选 项 C 意为“经过，传递”。
空栺所在句语义为：“在培训期结束后，他们将要参加银行考试，如果他们达到了绩效目标，就 会在该银行谋得一个职位。”
12.
A.secured B.reached C.confirmed D.fixed
A [解析] 语义理解题。通过选项代入法将四个选项分别代入原文之中，其中选项 A最符合句意要 求，secure 意为“获得，取得”，secure a job意为“谋得一份工作”；选项 B意为“抵达，到达”；选项 C 意为“确认，证实”；选项 D意为“固定，修理”，均不符合文意。
13.
A.gained B.won C.earned D.realised
A [解析] 惯甠搭配题。根据句意，此处需要一个动词与 experience 搭配。选项 A意为“获得，收获”； 选项 B 意为“赢得，获胜”；选项 C意为“赚得，挣得”；选项 D意为“实现，了解”。故选...
